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|dissolved = |superseding = |employees = 23,000 |volunteers = 1,400 special constables |budget = £1.1 billion (FY 2015–16) |nongovernment = |country = Scotland |countryabbr = |national = Yes |federal = |international = |divtype = |divname = |subdivtype = |subdivname = |map = Map of Scotland Police area in the United Kingdom (no borders).svg |mapcaption = Map of Police area |sizearea = 30,414 sq mi (78,772 km2) |sizepopulation = 5,327,700 (2013) |legaljuris = Scotland |governingbody = |constitution1 = Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 |constitution2 = |constitution3 = |police = |local = |military = |provost = |gendarmerie = |religious = |speciality1 = |secret = |overviewtype = |overviewbody = Scottish Police Authority Scottish Government |headquarters =No. 6 Mar Place, Alloa, Clackmannanshire (temporary) |hqlocmap = |hqlocmapwidth = |hqlocmapheight = |hqlocmapborder = |hqlocleft = |hqloctop = |hqlocmappoptitle = |sworntype = Police officer |sworn = 17,318 full time 1,400 special constables |unsworntype = Other |unsworn = 5,600 police staff |electeetype = Minister |minister1name = Michael Matheson |minister1pfo = Cabinet Secretary for Justice |chief1name = Sir Stephen House, Chief Constable Neil Richardson, Deputy Chief Constable |chief1position = |chief2name= |chief2position= |parentagency = |child1agency = |officetype = Division |officename = 14 |provideragency = |uniformedas = |stationtype = Station |stations = 214 |airbases = Glasgow City Heliport |lockuptype = |lockups = |vehicle1type = Vehicle |vehicles1 = 3,800 |boat1type = |boats1 = |aircraft1type = Helicopter |aircraft1 = 2 (Eurocopter EC135) |animal1type = |animals1 = |person1name = |person1reason = |person1type = |programme1 = |activity1name = |activitytype = |anniversary1 = |award1 = |website = |footnotes = |reference = }} The Police Service of Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: ''Seirbheis Phoilis na h-Alba'', operationally shortened to ''Police Scotland'') is the territorial police force of Scotland. It was formed in 2013 with the merger of all eight territorial police forces in Scotland and the specialist services of the Scottish Police Services Authority, including the Scottish Crime and Drug Enforcement Agency. Although not formally absorbing it, the merger also resulted in the winding up of the Association of Chief Police Officers in Scotland. The British Transport Police's Scotland Division is planned to be merged into Police Scotland sometime in 2016. Police Scotland is the second largest police force in the United Kingdom (after the Metropolitan Police Service) in terms of officer numbers, and the largest in terms of its area of jurisdiction. The Chief Constable is responsible to the Scottish Police Authority, and the force is inspected by Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary in Scotland. Scotland is also policed by the British Transport Police, the Ministry of Defence Police and the Civil Nuclear Constabulary within their specific jurisdictions. The National Crime Agency also has some jurisdiction in Scotland. ==History== After a consultation process, the Scottish Government confirmed on 8 September 2011 that a single police service would be created in Scotland. The Scottish Government stated that "reform will safeguard frontline policing in communities by creating designated local senior officers for every council area with a statutory duty to work with councils to shape local services. Establishing a single service aims to ensure more equal access to national and specialist services and expertise such as major investigation teams and firearms teams, whenever and wherever they are needed."〔 The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Bill was published in January 2012〔(【引用サイトリンク】date=17 January 2012 )〕 and was approved on 27 June 2012 after scrutiny in the Scottish Parliament. The Bill received Royal Assent as the Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012. In September 2012, Chief Constable Stephen House of Strathclyde Police was announced as the future first Chief Constable of Police Scotland. He was sworn into the post on 1 October 2012. The first chair of the Scottish Police Authority, Vic Emery (then the convener of the Scottish Police Services Authority), was appointed in August 2012. As the date of formation approached, it was widely reported that the new Chief Constable and the Scottish Police Authority were in disagreement over the control of backroom staff. In February 2013 it came to light that the previously announced logo for Police Scotland could not be used as the Force had failed to seek approval from the Court of the Lord Lyon.〔(New logo for single police service is scrapped | Herald Scotland )〕 This new symbol, a stylised thistle upon a Scottish saltire shield, failed to meet the longstanding heraldic rules of the Lyon Court and was thus discarded. A permanent logo was not approved in time for the 1 April 2013 creation of Police Scotland, but the pre-2013 crowned thistle emblem was finally (re)introduced in July 2013. This emblem was originally designed for the former Dumfries Constabulary by Robert Dickie Cairns (1866–1944), an art teacher at Dumfries Academy. With minor artistic variations, it was the same logo used by all regional Scottish police forces before 1 April 2013. Police Scotland officially came into being on 1 April 2013 under the Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012, merging the following law enforcement agencies: *Central Scotland Police *Dumfries and Galloway Constabulary *Fife Constabulary *Grampian Police *Lothian and Borders Police *Northern Constabulary *Scottish Police Services Authority, including the Scottish Crime and Drug Enforcement Agency *Strathclyde Police *Tayside Police In June 2014 a leaked Police Scotland internal email to police managers in Dunfermline ordered a substantial increase in "stop and search" activities and warned any police officers not meeting the higher targets would be subjected to a performance development review. Police Scotland has previously denied setting stop and search performance targets for individual officers.〔"Police chiefs warn officers: step up stop and search" Herald Scotland, 29 June 2014 http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/crime-courts/police-chiefs-warn-officers-step-up-stop-and-search.24620750〕 The next month, it was revealed that between April and December 2013, Police Scotland's officers stopped and searched members of the Scottish public at a rate of 979.6 per 10,000 people, a rate was three times higher than that of the Metropolitan Police Service and nine times higher than that of the New York Police Department. It was also revealed that the Scottish Police Authority, the body tasked with overseeing Police Scotland, had removed criticism of Police Scotland's use of "stop and search" powers from a report it had commissioned. Also removed from the report were calls for a review of stop and search on children and for clarification of the policy's primary aim.〔"Police Scotland frisk nine times as many people as the NYPD" http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/home-news/police-scotland-frisk-nine-times-as-many-people-as-the-nypd.24811529〕 In October 2013 Police Scotland announced proposals to close 65 out of 215 police station public counters and reduce opening hours at others. Police Scotland cited a drop in the number of people visiting public counters and the development of new ways for the public to contact the police, including the 101 telephone number and contact points which connect callers at police stations directly to officers, as reasons for the proposed closures. The plans were condemned by some opposition MSPs. It was also announced in October 2013 that the number of police control rooms in Scotland was under review, with the possibility of 7 out of 10 control rooms closing. Control rooms considered for closure include Aberdeen, Inverness and Dumfries. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Police Scotland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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